Variable is very useful for these cases:
Request in multiple environment.
Request has many dynamic parameters in url query or body.
A request depend on one or more requests.
Need change request's url/headers/body before sending it.
Variable is always a key-value object and use with a uniform format: {{key}}, you can use variable in Common Pre Request Script, Pre Request Script, Test, Url, Body and Header.
All {{key}} will be replace to Value of the variable before or after sending reqeust. Variable transfer workflow reference to: Variable Transfer Workflow.
Hitchhiker have three types of variable.